PDF(1347 KB)
咸水滴灌棉田土壤水、盐和硝态氮分布与淋洗
朱龙辉, 马丽娟, 刘小玉, 张书捷, 谭斌, 侯森, 侯振安
PDF(1347 KB)
PDF(1347 KB)
咸水滴灌棉田土壤水、盐和硝态氮分布与淋洗
Leaching and Distributions of Soil Water, Salt and Nitrate in Cotton Field under Drip Irrigation with Saline Water
ZHU Longhui, MA Lijuan, LIU Xiaoyu, ZHANG Shujie, TAN Bin, HOU Sen, HOU Zhenan
通过田间试验,研究了膜下滴灌条件下不同灌溉水盐度和灌水量对棉田土壤水、盐和硝态氮分布与淋洗的影响。结果表明:随着灌溉水盐度增加,0～1m土壤盐度和含水量显著增加;提高灌水量可显著增加土壤含水量,促进表层盐分的淋洗,导致下层土壤盐分增加,但0～1m土壤平均盐度增加不明显。随着灌溉水盐度和灌水量的增加,0～1m土壤盐分淋洗量显著增加。低灌水量下,中等盐度灌溉水处理土壤水分和硝态氮的渗漏淋洗量与淡水灌溉处理差异不大;但高灌水量下,中等盐度和高盐度处理土壤水分和硝态氮的渗漏淋洗量均显著高于淡水灌溉处理。因此,应用咸水滴灌时灌溉水盐度和灌溉量均不宜过大。适宜的灌溉水盐度和灌水量有利于控制土壤盐分积累,减少水分和硝态氮的渗漏淋洗损失。
The effect of irrigation water salinity and irrigation amount on leaching and distributions of water, salt, and nitrate in soil were evaluated with a field experiment under drip irrigation conditions in 2009. Results show that soil salinity and water content in 1-m depth were increased significantly with the increase in irrigation water salinity.When irrigation amount was increased, salt leaching were promoted from the top soil to deep soil, but the average salinity in 1-m soil were not increased significantly.Salt leaching from 1msoil was increased significantly with irrigation water salinity and irrigation amount increased.Under low irrigation amount, there were no significant differences between moderately saline water and fresh water treatments for water and nitrate leaching;but the leaching of water and nitrate in moderately and saline water treatments were significantly higher than those in fresh water treatment under high irrigation amount conditions. Therefore, irrigation water salinity level and irrigation amount should not excessive when saline water is used for drip irrigation.The optional irrigation water salinity level and irrigation amount are benefit to control salt accumulation and to minimize water and nitrate leaching loss.
咸水 /
滴灌 /
盐分 /
硝态氮 /
分布 /
淋洗
{{custom_keyword}} /
saline water
[1]Beltran J M.Irrigation with saline water:benefits and environmental impact[J].Agric Water Manage, 1999, 40:183194.
[2]Assouline S, Moller M, Cohen S, et al.Soil-plant system response to pulsed drip irrigation and salinity:bell pepper case study[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J, 2006, 70:15561568.
[3]Singh R.Simulations on direct and cyclic use of saline waters for sustaining cotton-wheat in a semi-arid area of north-west India[J].Agric Water Manage, 2004, 66:153 -162.
[4]王艳娜, 侯振安, 龚江, 等.咸水滴灌对土壤盐分分布､棉花生长和产量的影响[J].石河子大学学报:自然科学 版, 2007, 25(2):158-162.
[5]侯振安, 龚江, 王艳娜, 等.干旱区咸水滴灌土壤盐分的分布与积累特征[J].土壤通报, 2008, 39(1):18-26.
[6]万书勤, 康跃虎, 王丹, 等.华北半湿润地区微咸水滴灌番茄耗水量和土壤盐分变化[J].农业工程学报, 2008, 24(10):29-33.
[7]Oster J D.Irrigation with poor quality water[J].Agric Water Manage, 1994, 25(3):271-297.
669
[8]蒋静, 冯绍元, 王永胜, 等.灌溉水量和水质对土壤水盐分布及春玉米耗水的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2010, 43 (11):2270-2279.
[9]Dalvi V B, Tiwari K N, Pawadea M N, et al.Response surface analysis of tomato production under micro-irrigation[J].Agric Water Manage, 1999, 41:11-19.
[10]龚江, 侯振安, 杨振华, 等.不同灌溉方式对土壤盐分､氮素分布和棉花生长的影响[J].石河子大学学报:自 然科学版, 2008, 26(3):274-279.
[11]张伟, 李鲁华, 殷波, 等.膜下滴灌新疆棉田土壤盐分的运移规律[J].石河子大学学报:自然科学版, 2008, 26 (6):682-685.
[12]王全九, 徐益敏, 王金栋, 等.咸水与微咸水在农业灌溉中的应用[J].灌溉排水, 2002, 21(4):73-77.
[13]Feigns A.Effect of irrigation with treated sewage effluent on soil, plant and environment, irrigation with treated sewage effluent[J].Management for Environmental Protection, 1990.
[14]乔玉辉, 宇振荣.河北省曲周盐渍化地区微咸水灌溉对土壤环境效应的影响[J].农业工程学报, 2003, 19(2): 75-79.
[15]郭会荣, 靳孟贵, 高云福.冬小麦田咸水灌溉与土壤盐分调控试验[J].地质科技情报, 2002, 21(1):61-65.
[16]逄焕成, 杨劲松, 严惠峻.微咸水灌溉对土壤盐分和作物产量影响研究[J].植物营养与肥料学, 2004, 10(6): 599-603.
[17]杨劲松, 陈小兵, 胡顺军, 等.绿洲灌区土壤盐分平衡分析及其调控[J].农业环境科学学报, 2007, 26(4): 1438-1443.
[18]Letey J, Feng G L.Dynamic versus steady-state approaches to evaluate irrigation management of saline waters[J].Agric Water Manage, 2007, 90:165-180.
[19]袁新民, 王周琼.硝态氮的淋洗及其影响因素[J].干旱区研究, 2000, 17(4):46-52.
[20]Barton L, Wan G G Y, Colmer T D.Turfgrass(Cynodon dactylon L.)sod production on sandy soils:II. Effects of irrigation and fertiliser regimes on N leaching[J].Plant Soil, 2006, 284:147-164.
[21]Bowman D C, Devitt D A, Miller W W.The effect of moderate salinity on nitrate leaching from bermudagrass turf:a lysimeter study[J].Water, Air, Soil Pollut, 2006, 175:49-60.
国家973计划项目(2009CB825101)； 国家大学生创新性实验计划项目(101075929)
总访问:61786,今日访问:1107, 当前在线:0
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
